Elaine Khoong, MD, MS

Assistant Professor

Elaine Khoong is a general internist and assistant professor of medicine based at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital. She is interested in leveraging technology and implementation science to improve equity in delivery of primary care. Dr. Khoong is a mixed methods researcher, implementation scientist, and informatician. Her research aims to develop, pilot, and implement interventions that improve chronic disease outcomes for populations that experience disparities, particularly those cared for in safety-net system. Dr. Khoong's research interests are driven by her experiences as a primary care clinician caring for diverse patients within a safety-net setting.
Education
2019 - , UCSF Primary Care Research Fellowship
2019 - Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Champion Training, University of California
2017 - Internal Medicine Residency, UCSF - Primary Care Track at San Francisco General Hospital
MD, MS, 2014 - MS in Clinical Investigations, Washington University
BS, BS, 2007 - Biomedical Sciences; Healthcare Management and Policy; Business & Public Policy, University of Pennsylvania
Honors and Awards
  • Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society, 2013
  • Herbert W. Nickens Medical Student Fellowship, AAMC, 2012
Publications

  1. Nouri S, Lyles CR, Sherwin EB, Kuznia M, Rubinsky AD, Kemper KE, Nguyen OK, Sarkar U, Schillinger D, Khoong EC. Visit and Between-Visit Interaction Frequency Before and After COVID-19 Telehealth Implementation. JAMA network open 2023. PMID: 37713198


  2. Khoong EC, Sherwin EB, Harrison JD, Wheeler M, Shah SJ, Mourad M, Khanna R. Impact of standardized, language-concordant hospital discharge instructions on postdischarge medication questions. Journal of hospital medicine 2023. PMID: 37490045


  3. Centola D, Becker J, Zhang J, Aysola J, Guilbeault D, Khoong E. Experimental evidence for structured information-sharing networks reducing medical errors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2023. PMID: 37487106


  4. Chen A, Ayub MH, Mishuris RG, Rodriguez JA, Gwynn K, Lo MC, Noronha C, Henry TL, Jones D, Lee WW, Varma M, Cuevas E, Onumah C, Gupta R, Goodson J, Lu AD, Syed Q, Suen LW, Heiman E, Salhi BA, Khoong EC, Schmidt S. Telehealth Policy, Practice, and Education: a Position Statement of the Society of General Internal Medicine. Journal of general internal medicine 2023. PMID: 37095331


  5. Lee W, Khoong EC, Zeng B, Rios-Fetchko F, Ma Y, Liu K, Fernandez A. Evaluation of Commercially Available Machine Interpretation Applications for Simple Clinical Communication. Journal of general internal medicine 2023. PMID: 36781579


  6. Fontil V, Khoong EC, Green BB, Ralston JD, Zhou C, Garcia F, McCulloch CE, Sarkar U, Lyles CR. Randomized trial protocol for remote monitoring for equity in advancing the control of hypertension in safety net systems (REACH-SNS) study. Contemporary clinical trials 2023. PMID: 36738916


  7. Lyles CR, Nguyen OK, Khoong EC, Aguilera A, Sarkar U. Multilevel Determinants of Digital Health Equity: A Literature Synthesis to Advance the Field. Annual review of public health 2022. PMID: 36525960


  8. Zeng B, Rivadeneira NA, Wen A, Sarkar U, Khoong EC. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Internet Use and Use of Digital Health Tools: A Secondary Analysis of the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey. Journal of medical Internet research 2022. PMID: 36041005


  9. Khoong EC, Commodore-Mensah Y, Lyles CR, Fontil V. Use of Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring to Improve Hypertension Equity. Current hypertension reports 2022. PMID: 36001268


  10. Yin L, Ng F, Rutherford-Rojas M, Williams M, Cornes S, Fernandez A, Garcia ME, Khoong EC. Assessing Medical Student Readiness to Navigate Language Barriers in Telehealth: Cross-sectional Survey Study. JMIR medical education 2022. PMID: 35969421


  11. Blake Gregory, Ariel Franks, Lilibeth Morales, Henry Rafferty, Elaine Khoong, Robin George, Carol Taniguchi, Anna Robert. System Interventions to Reduce Disparities in Covid-19 Vaccine Offer Rates. NEJM Catalyst 2022. PMID:


  12. Khoong EC, Rivadeneira NA, Pacca L, Schillinger D, Lown D, Babaria P, Gupta N, Pramanik R, Tran H, Whitezell T, Somsouk M, Sarkar U. Extent of Follow-Up on Abnormal Cancer Screening in Multiple California Public Hospital Systems: A Retrospective Review. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2022. PMID: 35641722


  13. Gupta K, Szymonifka J, Rivadeneira NA, Khoong EC, Adler-Milstein J, Ross J, Sarkar U. Factors Associated with Malpractice Claim Payout: An Analysis of Closed Emergency Department Claims. Joint Commission journal on quality and patient safety 2022. PMID: 35764489


  14. Fontil V, Khoong EC, Lyles C, Rivadeneira NA, Olazo K, Hoskote M, Sarkar U. Diagnostic Trajectories in Primary Care at 12 Months: An Observational Cohort Study. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2022. PMID: 35649741


  15. Khoong EC. Policy Considerations To Ensure Telemedicine Equity. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2022. PMID: 35500190


  16. Sharma AE, Khoong EC, Sierra M, Rivadeneira NA, Nijagal MA, Su G, Lyles CR, Defries T, Tuot D, Sarkar U. System-level factors associated with telephone and video visit use: Survey of safety-net clinicians during the early phase of COVID-19. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2022. PMID: 35148271


  17. Nguyen MT, Garcia F, Juarez J, Zeng B, Khoong EC, Nijagal MA, Sarkar U, Su G, Lyles CR. Satisfaction can co-exist with hesitation: qualitative analysis of acceptability of telemedicine among multi-lingual patients in a safety-net healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2022. PMID: 35164746


  18. Khoong EC, Rodriguez JA. A Research Agenda for Using Machine Translation in Clinical Medicine. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2022. PMID: 35132559


  19. Fontil V, Pacca L, Bellows BK, Khoong E, McCulloch CE, Pletcher M, Bibbins-Domingo K. Association of Differences in Treatment Intensification, Missed Visits, and Scheduled Follow-up Interval With Racial or Ethnic Disparities in Blood Pressure Control. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2021. PMID: 34878499


  20. Khoong EC, Sharma AE, Gupta K, Adler-Milstein J, Sarkar U. The Abrupt Expansion of Ambulatory Telemedicine: Implications for Patient Safety. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2022. PMID: 35048294


  21. Sharma AE, Khoong EC, Rivadeneira N, Sierra M, Fang MC, Gupta N, Pramanik R, Tran H, Whitezell T, Fontil V, Lee SY, Sarkar U. Warfarin Monitoring in Safety-Net Health Systems: Analysis by Race/Ethnicity and Language Preference. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2022. PMID: 34993871


  22. Centola D, Guilbeault D, Sarkar U, Khoong E, Zhang J. The reduction of race and gender bias in clinical treatment recommendations using clinician peer networks in an experimental setting. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2021. PMID: 34782636


  23. Reed G, Ahmad SR, Khoong EC, Olazo K, Jagsi R, Mangurian C, Sarkar U. Evaluation of Sexual Harassment Policies at Medical Institutions to Understand Attention to Harassment of Physicians by Patients. "It's not the doctor - it's me." How self-blame obscures language and other structural barriers to diabetes care mong low-income Latinos with limited English Proficiency. 2021. PMID: 34787660


  24. Chu JN, Sarkar U, Rivadeneira NA, Hiatt RA, Khoong EC. Impact of language preference and health literacy on health information-seeking experiences among a low-income, multilingual cohort. Patient education and counseling 2021. PMID: 34474924


  25. Khoong EC, Nouri SS, Tuot DS, Nundy S, Fontil V, Sarkar U. Comparison of Diagnostic Recommendations from Individual Physicians versus the Collective Intelligence of Multiple Physicians in Ambulatory Cases Referred for Specialist Consultation. Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making 2021. PMID: 34378444


  26. Khoong EC, Olazo K, Rivadeneira NA, Thatipelli S, Barr-Walker J, Fontil V, Lyles CR, Sarkar U. Mobile health strategies for blood pressure self-management in urban populations with digital barriers: systematic review and meta-analyses. NPJ digital medicine 2021. PMID: 34294852


  27. Hemmat S, Khoong EC, Olazo K, Sharma AE, Mangurian C, Fernandez A, Sarkar U. Using incident reporting to understand and characterize sexual harassment of physicians by patients. Journal of general internal medicine 2021. PMID: 34254222


  28. Khoong EC, Fernandez A. Addressing Gaps in Interpreter Use: Time for Implementation Science Informed Multi-Level Interventions. Journal of general internal medicine 2021. PMID: 33948799


  29. Sharma AE, Khoong EC, Nijagal MA, Lyles CR, Su G, DeFries T, Sarkar U, Tuot D. Clinician experience with telemedicine at a safety-net hospital network during COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey. Journal of health care for the poor and underserved 2021. PMID: 37020792


  30. Rachel J. Stern, Henry F. Rafferty, Anna C. Robert, Carol Taniguchi, Blake Gregory, Elaine C. Khoong, Margaret A. Handley, Lukejohn W. Day, & Ellen Chen. Concentrating Vaccines in Neighborhoods with High Covid-19 Burden NEJM Catalyst: Innovations in Care Delivery. 2021. PMID:


  31. Khoong EC, Fontil V, Rivadeneira NA, Hoskote M, Nundy S, Lyles CR, Sarkar U. Impact of digitally acquired peer diagnostic input on diagnostic confidence in outpatient cases: A pragmatic randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2020. PMID: 33260212


  32. Khoong EC, Butler BA, Mesina O, Su G, DeFries TB, Nijagal M, Lyles CR. Patient interest in and barriers to telemedicine video visits in a multilingual urban safety-net system. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 2020. PMID: 33164063


  33. Anjana E. Sharma, Elaine C. Khoong, Malini A. Nijagal, Courtney R. Lyles, George Su, Triveni DeFries, Urmimala Sarkar, Delphine Tuot. Clinician Experience with Telemedicine at a Safety-net Hospital Network during COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Survey. Journal of health care for the poor and underserved 2021. PMID:


  34. Valy Fontil, Lucia Pacca, Brandon Bellows, Elaine Khoong, Charles McCulloch, Mark Pletcher, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo. Abstract 17207: Impact of Racial Differences in Treatment Intensification and Missed Visits on Disparities in BP Control. Circulation 2020. PMID:


  35. Khoong EC, Schillinger D. A Direction for the Next Decade of NIH-Funded Health Literacy Research. Health literacy research and practice 2020. PMID: 33170286


  36. Nouri S, Khoong EC, Lyles CR, Karliner L. Addressing Equity in Telemedicine for Chronic Disease Management During the Covid-19 Pandemic NEJM Catalyst: Innovations in Care Delivery 2020. PMID:


  37. Khoong EC, Rivadeneira NA, Hiatt RA, Sarkar U. The Use of Technology for Communicating With Clinicians or Seeking Health Information in a Multilingual Urban Cohort: Cross-Sectional Survey. Journal of medical Internet research 2020. PMID: 32250280


  38. Khoong EC, Fernandez A. Language, culture and preventable readmissions: pragmatic, intervention studies needed. Volume 28 of Issue 11. BMJ quality & safety 2019. PMID: 31401549


  40. Hemmat S, Khoong EC, Sharma AE, Sarkar U. Sharing Stories, Searching for Solutions: Sexual Harassment of Physicians by Patients. The American journal of medicine 2019. PMID: 31300215


  41. Khoong EC, Fernandez A. Unsound Evaluations of Medical Machine Translation Risk Patient Health and Confidentiality-Reply. Volume 179 of Issue 7. JAMA internal medicine 2019. PMID: 31260024


  42. Khoong EC, Karliner L, Lo L, Stebbins M, Robinson A, Pathak S, Santoyo-Olsson J, Scherzer R, Peralta CA. A Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Trial of an Electronic Clinical Decision Support System to Improve Chronic Kidney Disease Management in Primary Care: Design, Rationale, and Implementation Experience. Volume 8 of Issue 6. JMIR research protocols 2019. PMID: 31199334


  43. Khoong EC, Le GM, Hoskote M, Rivadeneira NA, Hiatt RA, Sarkar U. Health Information-seeking Behaviors and Preferences of a Diverse, Multilingual Urban Cohort. Medical care 2019. PMID: 31095058


  44. Khoong EC, Cherian R, Matta GY, Lyles CR, Schillinger D, Ratanawongsa N. Perspectives of English, Chinese, and Spanish-Speaking Safety-Net Patients on Clinician Computer Use: Qualitative Analysis. Journal of medical Internet research 2019. PMID: 31120020


  45. Khoong EC, Steinbrook E, Brown C, Fernandez A. Assessing the Use of Google Translate for Spanish and Chinese Translations of Emergency Department Discharge Instructions. JAMA internal medicine 2019. PMID: 30801626


  46. Cherian R, Sarkar U, Khoong EC, Ackerman S, Gourley G, Schillinger D. Standardization in Diverse Populations: Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices in a Safety-Net Setting. Health literacy research and practice 2019. PMID: 31294306


  47. Khoong EC, Cherian R, Rivadeneira NA, Gourley G, Yazdany J, Amarnath A, Schillinger D, Sarkar U. Accurate Measurement In California's Safety-Net Health Systems Has Gaps And Barriers. Health affairs (Project Hope) 2018. PMID: 30395496


  48. Cherian R, Sarkar U, Khoong EC, Ackerman S, Gourley G, Schillinger D. Efficiency, Efficacy, and Power in the Implementation of a Medication Adherence Aid. Health literacy research and practice 2018. PMID: 31294287


  49. Khoong EC, Cherian R, Smith DE, Schillinger D, Wolf MS, Sarkar U. Implementation of patient-centered prescription labeling in a safety-net ambulatory care network. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2018. PMID: 29950392


  51. Khoong EC, Linker AS. An Appeal for Evidence-Based Resident Duty Hours Reform. Volume 177 of Issue 11. JAMA internal medicine 2017. PMID: 28975222


  52. Mandl KD, Khoong E. Pagers and Beyond in an Era of Microcommunications-What Is Old Is New Again. Volume 177 of Issue 8. JAMA internal medicine 2017. PMID: 28628698


  53. Khoong EC, Ross JS. The Need to Test Strategies Based on Common Sense. Volume 177 of Issue 7. JAMA internal medicine 2017. PMID: 28600912


  54. Stamatakis KA, Lewis M, Khoong EC, Lasee C. State practitioner insights into local public health challenges and opportunities in obesity prevention: a qualitative study. Volume 11. Preventing chronic disease 2014. PMID: 24625363


  55. Khoong EC, Gibbert WS, Garbutt JM, Sumner W, Brownson RC. Rural, suburban, and urban differences in factors that impact physician adherence to clinical preventive service guidelines. Volume 30 of Issue 1. The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association 2013. PMID: 24383480


  56. Tabak RG, Khoong EC, Chambers DA, Brownson RC. Bridging research and practice: models for dissemination and implementation research. Volume 43 of Issue 3. American journal of preventive medicine 2012. PMID: 22898128